John W. Patty (PhD, California Institute of Technology, 2001), assistant professor of government. Models of probabilistic voting, legislative organization and behavior, and bureaucratic design and behavior. He has authored articles in Games and Economic Behavior, Social Choice and Welfare, and Public Choice. Patty’s current research includes a chapter for a forthcoming volume in memory of Richard McKelvey (with Elizabeth Maggie Penn), a theory of political argument and deliberation, a model of the legislative calendar (with Elizabeth Maggie Penn), a book-length project on delegation and lobbying (with Sean Gailmard and Frederick J. Boehmke), and a turnout-based theory of the midterm effect in US Congressional elections. He was previously an assistant professor of political economy and decision sciences in the Department of Social and Decision Sciences at Carnegie Mellon University and has lectured at the Graduate Workshop in Computational Economics at the Santa Fe Institute and the EITM graduate summer school at Washington University in St. Louis.

Elizabeth Maggie Penn (PhD, Caltech, 2003) joined the department as an assistant professor in September 2005. She was previously an assistant professor of political economy at Carnegie Mellon University. Her research and teaching interests include positive political theory, game theory, computational modeling, American politics, voting behavior, and legislative organization. Her current research examines the effect of political institutions on individual preferences and group identification. Her work has been published in Complexity and is forthcoming in Social Choice and Welfare. She is currently co-authoring a chapter with John Patty in an edited volume entitled A Positive Change in Political Science: The Legacy of Richard D. McKelvey’s Most Influential Writings.

Elizabeth Perry (PhD, University of Michigan, 1978) is Henry Rosovsky Professor of Government. She is a comparativist with special expertise in the politics of China. Recipient of a Guggenheim fellowship, she sits on the editorial boards of nearly a dozen major scholarly journals. Perry’s research focuses on popular protest and grassroots politics in modern and contemporary China. Her books include Rebels and Revolutionaries in North China, 1845-1945 (1980); Chinese Perspectives on the Nien Rebellion (1981); The Political Economy of Reform in Post-Mao China (1985); Popular Protest and Political Culture in Modern China (1992); Urban Spaces in Contemporary China: The Potential for Autonomy and Community in Chinese Cities (1995); Putting Class in Its Place: Worker Identities in East Asia (1996); Proletarian Power: Shanghai in the Cultural Revolution (1997); Danwei: The Changing Chinese Workplace in Historical and Comparative Perspective (1997); Chinese Society: Change, Conflict, and Resistance (2000); Challenging the Mandate of Heaven: Social Protest and State Power in China (2002); and Changing Meanings of Citizenship in Modern China (2002). Her book, Shanghai on Strike: the Politics of Chinese Labor (1993), won the John King Fairbank prize from the American Historical Association.

Paul E. Peterson (PhD, Chicago, 1967) is the Henry Lee Shattuck Professor of Government and director of the Program on Education Policy and Governance at Harvard University, and editor-in-chief of Education Next, a journal of opinion and research on education policy. He is a former director of the Center for American Political Studies at Harvard University and of the Governmental Studies Program at the Brookings Institution. Peter-son is the author or editor of over 100 articles and 20 books, including Our Schools & Our Future...Are We Still at Risk? The Education Gap; Charters, Vouchers, and Public Educa-tion; Earning and Learning: How Schools Matter; Learning From School Choice; The Politics of School Reform: 1870-1940; School Politics Chicago Style; City Limits; The New Urban Reality; The Urban Underclass; Price of Federalism; Welfare Magnets; and The New American Democracy. Three of his books have received major awards from the American Political Science Association. Peterson was a professor for many years at the University of Chicago, chaired the Social Science Research Council’s Committee on the Urban Underclass, and has served on many committees of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Education, and has received fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the German Marshall Foundation, and the Center for Study in the Behavioral Sciences. His various research projects have been supported by the Department of Education as well as the Achelis, Bradley, Bodman, Casey, Dillon, Ford, Fordham, Friedman, Gund, Hume, Packard, Olin, Rockefeller, Smith-Richardson, and Walton foundations.

Susan J. Pharr (PhD, Columbia, 1975) is Edwin O. Reischauer Professor of Japanese Politics and director of the Program on US-Japan Relations at Harvard University. She joined the faculty in 1987, and served as chair of the government department, 1992-95, and as associate dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 1996-98. She is on the Steering Committee of the Asia Center, on the Executive Committees of the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies, and on the Faculty Advisory Committee for the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations. Pharr is a member of the University Committee on the Environment and the University Com-mittee on the Status of Women. She is also a senior scholar of the Harvard Academy of International and Area Studies. Pharr has served as staff associate at the Social Sciences Research Council, and on the faculty of the Department of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She held the Japan Chair at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, was a visiting scholar or fellow in the Faculty of Law at the University of Tokyo and at Keio University, the Woodrow Wilson International Center of Scholars, and the Brookings Institution. She also has served as a senior social scientist with the Agency for International Development. Much of her research has explored the social basis for democracy with a particular focus on Japan and East Asia. Her research interests include comparative political behavior; comparative politics of industrialized nations; democratization and social change; political development; civil society and nonprofit organizations; political ethics and corruption; environmental politics; the role of the media in politics; the role of Japan and the US in development; international relations in East Asia; and international political economy of development. Among her works are Political Women in Japan (1981); Losing Face: Status Politics in Japan (1990); (with Ellis S. Krauss) Media and Politics in Japan (1996); (with Robert D. Putnam) Disaffected Democracies: What’s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? (2000); and (with Frank J. Schwartz) The State of Civil Society in Japan (2003).

Robert Putnam (PhD, Yale University, 1970) is the Peter and Isabel Malkin Professor of Public Policy at Harvard University, where he teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in American politics, international relations, comparative politics, and public policy. He is the founder of The Saguaro Seminar: Civic Engagement in America, a program that has brought together leading practitioners and thinkers for a multi-year discussion to develop broad-scale, actionable ideas to fortify our nation’s civic connectedness. Before coming to Harvard in 1979, Putnam taught at the University of Michigan and served on the staff of the National Security Council. He is the recipient of honorary degrees from Swarthmore, Ohio State University, Stockholm University, and the University of Antwerp. Putnam has authored or co-authored 11 books and more than 30 scholarly works, including Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (1993), published in 15 languages and praised by the Economist as “a great work of social science, worthy to rank alongside de Tocqueville, Pareto and Weber.” His other works include Double-Edged Diplomacy: International Bargaining and Domestic Politics (1993); Hanging Together: The Seven-Power Summits (1984); Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies (1981); Comparative Study of Political Elites (1976); and Beliefs of Politicians (1973). More recently, he has published the best-selling Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (2000), along with two collective volumes, Disaffected Democracies: What’s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? (2000) and Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary Society. He is now completing a study of promising new forms of social connectedness in communities across America and is beginning research on the challenges of building community in an increasingly diverse society.

Putnam is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences, a Fellow of the British Academy, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2001-2002 he served as President of the American Political Science Association. A former dean of the John F. Kennedy School of Government, he has also served as associate dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, director of the Center for International Affairs, and chairman of the Department of Government at Harvard.
James Robinson (BS, London School of Economics and Political Science; MA, University of Warwick; PhD, Yale, 1993) is a Professor of Government. His research interests include political economy and economic and political development. Some of his publications include: “Why Did the West Extend the Franchise?” Quarterly Journal of Economics (August 2000); “A Theory of Political Transitions,” American Economic Review (September 2001); “Colonial Origins of Comparative Development,” American Economic Review (December 2001); “Inefficient Redistribution,” American Political Science Review (September 2001); “Reversal of Fortune,” Quarterly Journal of Economics (November 2002); and “States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control by Jeffrey I. Herbst: A Review Essay,” Journal of Economic Literature (June 2002). His books include The Economic Origins of Democracy and Dictatorship (Cambridge University Press, with Daron Acemoglu) and The Institutional Roots of Prosperity (MIT Press, with Daron Acemoglu andSimon Johnson).

Michael Rosen (D. Phil., Oxford University, 1980) is Professor of Government. He has published widely in social and political thought and in Continental (especially, German) philosophy. He is the author of Hegel’s Dialectic and Its Criticism (1982) and On Voluntary Servitude: False Consciousness and the Theory of Ideology (1996). He co-translated the first English-language edition of Kant’s Opus Postumum (1993). As well as his work on Continental thought, he is engaged in contemporary debates in Anglo-American political philosophy. He is at present editing (with Brian Leiter) the Oxford Handbook of Continental Philosophy.

Stephen Peter Rosen (PhD, Harvard, 1979) is the Beton Michael Kaneb Professor of National Security and Military Affairs at Harvard University, and the director of the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies. For the years 2002-2007, he is also a Harvard College Professor, an award given in recognition of excellence in undergraduate teaching. Rosen was the civilian assistant to the Director, Net Assessment in the Office of the Secretary of Defense; the director of Political-Military Affairs on the staff of the National Security Council; and a professor in the Strategy Department at the Naval War College. He was a consultant to the President’s Commission on Integrated Long-Term Strategy, and to the Gulf War Air Power Survey sponsored by the secretary of the Air Force, and has been the leader of study groups at the OSD Summer Studies at Newport, Rhode Island. He has published articles on ballistic missile defense, the American theory of limited war, the strategic implications of the AIDS epidemic, and strategies for promoting innovation in the American Military in International Security, The Washington Quarterly, Foreign Policy, The Journal of Strategic Studies, Joint Forces Quarterly, and Diplomatic History. He is the author of Winning the Next War: Innovation and the Modern Military, which won the 1992 Furniss Prize for best first book on national security affairs awarded by the Mershon Center at Ohio State University, and of Societies and Military Power: India and its Armies. He has completed a book on the biology of cognition and strategy entitled War and Human Nature (forthcoming, 2004). His next project is a book on imperial strategy.

Nancy Rosenblum (PhD, Harvard, 1973) is Chair of the Department of Government and the Senator Joseph Clark Professor of Ethics in Politics and Government. Her field of research is political theory, both historical and contemporary political thought. She is the author most recently of Membership and Morals: The Personal Uses of Pluralism in America (1998), which was awarded the APSA David Easton Prize in 2000. Her recent edited works include Breaking the Cycles of Hatred: Memory, Law, and Repair with Martha Minow (2002): Obligations of Citizenship and Demands of Faith: Religious Accommodation in Pluralist Democracies (2000); and Civil Society and Government, co-edited with Robert Post. Rosenblum is working on two long-term projects: Primus Inter Pares, a study of the political theory of political parties, and The Quality of Life, a study of Henry David Thoreau. In addition to government courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels, Rosenblum offers a course on legalism in the moral reasoning core curriculum.

Michael J. Sandel (DPhil, Oxford, 1981) is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Government at Harvard University, where he has taught political philosophy since 1980. His publications include Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (Cambridge University Press, 1982, 2nd edition, 1997; translated into seven languages); Democracy’s Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy (Harvard University Press, 1996); Liberalism and Its Critics (ed., Blackwell, 1984); and articles in scholarly journals, law reviews, and general publications such as The Atlantic Monthly, The New Republic, and The New York Times. Sandel teaches courses in contemporary political philosophy, including “Ethics and Biotechnology”; “Markets, Morals, and Law”; and “Globalization and Its Discontents.” His undergraduate course, “Justice,” has enrolled over 10,000 students, making it one of the most popular courses in Harvard’s history. In 1985, he was awarded the Harvard-Radcliffe Phi Beta Kappa Teaching Prize, and in 1999 was named a Harvard College Professor in recognition of his contributions to undergraduate teaching. Sandel has lectured to academic and general audiences in North America, Europe, Japan, India, and Australia. He was a visiting professor at the Sorbonne (Paris) in 2001, and delivered the Tanner Lectures on Human Values at Oxford University in 1998. The recipient of three honorary degrees, he has received fellowships from the Carnegie Corporation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Ford Foundation, and the American Council of Learned Societies. He currently serves on the President’s Council on Bioethics, a national body appointed by the President to examine the ethical implications of new biomedical technologies.

Kenneth A. Shepsle (PhD, Rochester, 1970) is the George D. Markham Professor of Govern-ment. He is the author or co-author of Politics in Plural Societies: A Theory of Democratic Instability; The Giant Jigsaw Puzzle: Democratic Committee Assignments in the Modern House; Models of Multiparty Electoral Competition, Making and Breaking Governments; American Government: Power and Purpose. He has edited or co-edited The Congressional Budget Process: Some Views From the Inside; Political Equilibrium, Perspectives on Positive Political Economy; Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government. He has authored numerous articles on formal political theory, congressional politics, public policy, and political economy. Shepsle is a former national fellow at the Hoover Institution, fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and Guggenheim Fellow. He was editor of Public Choice from 1975 to 1980. In 1990 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. His current research continues to emphasize formal models of political institutions, accentuating the interface between politics and demography.

Beth Simmons (PhD, Harvard, 1991) is professor of government and director of the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. Her fields of interest and course subjects are international relations, international political economy, and international law. She is on leave at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences in Stanford for the 2002-2003 academic year. Her current research focus is on the effects of international law and institutions on state behavior and policy choice. Her publications include Who Adjusts? Domestic Sources of Foreign Economic Policy; During the Interwar Years, 1923-1939 (Princeton University Press, 1994), winner of the 1995 American Political Science Association Woodrow Wilson Award for the best book published in the previous year in government, politics, or international relations. She has also published articles on international institutions in International Organization and World Politics.

Cindy Skach (MPhil, Columbia; DPhil, Oxford, 1999) is associate professor of government specializing in comparative -politics, with an emphasis on constitutional engineering, party systems, electoral systems, democratization, constitutional courts, and concept analysis.

Theda Skocpol (PhD, Harvard, 1975) is the Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and Sociology, and Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. In 2002-03, she served as president of the American Political Science Association during the centennial of this leading professional body. Skocpol’s work covers an unusually broad spectrum of topics including both comparative politics (States and Social Revolutions, 1979) and American politics (Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States, 1992). Among her other works are Bringing the State Back In (1985, with Peter Evans and Dietrich Rueschmeyer); Social Policy in the United States (1995); Boomerang: Clinton’s Health Security Effort and the Turn Against Government in US Politics (1996); Civic Engagement in American Democracy (1999, with Morris Fiorina); and Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life (2003). Her books and articles have been widely cited in political science literature and have won numerous awards, including the 1993 Woodrow Wilson Award of the American Political Science Association for the best book in political science for the previous year. Her current research focuses on US social welfare policy and on civic engagement in American democracy. She is conducting various multi-year collaborative projects on US voluntary associations 1790 to present, and on the transformation of civic life in the United States since the 1960s.

Dennis F. Thompson (PhD, Harvard, 1968) is professor of government and the Alfred North Whitehead Professor of Political Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. He is also a professor in the John F. Kennedy School of Government, the founding director of the Uni-versity Center for Ethics and the Professions, and Senior Adviser to the president of Harvard University. Thomp-son’s most recent book is Just Elections: Creating a Fair Electoral Process in the United States. His other books include Democracy and Disagreement (jointly authored with Amy Gutmann); The Democratic Citizen: Social Science and Democratic Theory in the 20th Century; John Stuart Mill and Representative Government; Ethics in Congress: From Individual to Institutional Corruption; and Political Ethics and Public Office, which won the American Political Science Association’s Gladys M. Kammerer award for the best political science publication in the field of US national policy in 1987. His articles have appeared in such journals as the American Political Science Review, Philosophy & Public Affairs, Political Theory, and Ethics. Thomp-son’s current teaching and research concentrate on democratic theory and political ethics.

Richard Tuck (PhD, Jesus College, Cam-bridge University, 1976) is professor of govern-ment and a premier scholar of the history of political thought. His works in-clude Natural Rights Theories (1979); Hobbes (1989); and Philosophy and Government, 1572-1651 (1993). They address a variety of topics including political authority, human rights, natural law, and toleration, and focus on thinkers including Hobbes, Grotius, Selden, and Descartes. His current work focuses on political thought and international law, and traces the history of thought about international politics from Grotius, Hobbes, Pufendorf, Locke, and Vattel, to Kant. Tuck is also engaged in a work on the origins of 12th-century economic thought in which he argues that the “free rider” problem was only invented, as a problem, in recent decades. His interests span concerns in all subfields of the discipline.

Sidney Verba (PhD, Princeton, 1959) is Carl H. Pforzheimer University Professor. He is the author and co-author of books on American and comparative politics including Small Groups and Political Behavior (1961); The Civic Culture (1963); Caste, Race and Politics (1969); Vietnam and the Silent Majority (1970); Participation in America (1972); The Changing American Voter (1976); Injury to Insult (1979); Participation and Political Equality (1979); Equality in America (1985); Elites and the Idea of Equality (1989); Designing Social Inquiry (1994); Voice and Equality (1995); and The Private Roots Of Public Action (2001) as well as many articles on those subjects. Participation in America won the Kammerer Prize of the American Political Science Association (APSA) for the best book on American politics, and The Changing American Voter won the Woodrow Wilson Prize for the best book in political science. In 1993, Verba won the James Madison Prize of the APSA for a career contribution to the discipline; and in 2002, he was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize, an international award for distinguished contribution to political science. In 1994, he was elected president of the APSA. Verba is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and has been a fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences and a Guggenheim Fellow. He has chaired the Policy Committee of the Social Science Research Council and the Committee on International Conflict and Cooperation of the National Academy of Sciences. His current research interests involve the relationship of political to economic equality, mass and elite political ideologies, and mass political participation. Verba is also director of the University Library.

Daniel Ziblatt (PhD, University of California, Berkeley, 2002) is an assistant professor of government and social studies at Harvard University. His main fields of research and teaching are comparative poli- tics, Western and Eastern European politics, comparative political development and comparative political economy. His forthcoming book, Divide or Conquer? State Building Dilemmas and the Origins of Federalism in Europe, examines the development of political institutions in 19th-century Italy and Germany and explores the conditions under which federal state structures can be successfully constructed. He has published articles on political party change in Eastern Europe and the politics of fiscal decentralization in German Politics and Society, Communist and Postcommunist Studies, and Politische Vierteljahereszeitschrift. In addition to his ongoing research on the transformation of state institutions in the European context, he is in the early stages of a new cross-regional project on the development and consequences of federal political institutions in Europe and North America.